There are many methods for identifying fibers, including combustion method, microscope observation method, density measurement method, dyeing method, reagent coloring method and dissolution method. With only one method, it is generally not possible to immediately determine the type of fiber, and a comprehensive analysis must be performed based on the test results of several methods. For the initial identification, you can first use the less time-consuming combustion method or microscope observation method. When this method cannot meet the requirements, other methods are used to supplement the identification.
Use Y172 fiber slicer to cut the fiber into tiny cross-section thin slices. With a general biological microscope, you can observe the shape of the longitudinal and transverse sections of various fibers. Category. But the shape of synthetic fibers can only be roughly resolved. The longitudinal and cross-sectional morphological characteristics of textile fibers are shown in the table below.
Natural fiber | ||
Name | Portrait | Cross section |
Cotton | Flat ribbon, natural twist | Kidney-shaped, with a cavity |
Wool | Scales | Round |
Natural silk | Smooth | Triangle |
Flax | Transverse section and vertical striation | Polygon, small cavity |
ramie | Transverse section and vertical striation | Kidney-shaped, with cracks |
Chemical Fiber | ||
Name | Portrait | Cross section |
Polyester, nylon, polypropylene | Smooth | Round |
Vinylon | 1-2 grooves | Kidney-shaped |
Chloroprene | 1-2 grooves | Nearly round |
Acrylic | Smooth or 1-2 grooves | Round or dumbbell-shaped |
Cellulose acetate | 1-2 grooves | Irregular band |
Viscose | Longitudinal groove | Tooth shape |
Polynosic | Smooth | Less toothed and round |