With the rapid development of the economy, the discharge of large amounts of wastewater, the accumulation of heavy metals in soil and water sources has intensified, and heavy metals have become one of the most important pollutants in surface water and groundwater.
Traditional heavy metal pollution wastewater treatment technologies include chemical precipitation, ion exchange, coprecipitation/adsorption, electrolysis, redox, reverse osmosis, membrane separation technology, and activated carbon adsorption. These methods have high investment cost and troublesome operation management. These methods have high investment cost and troublesome operation management.
The biosorption method utilizes the chemical structure and composition characteristics of some organisms to adsorb metal ions dissolved in water, and then removes metal ions in the aqueous solution by solid-liquid two-phase separation. Experiments have shown that various microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, algae, etc. can handle heavy metal wastewater well.
Compared with the conventional method, the biosorption method has the following advantages: low cost, high efficiency, low chemical consumption, bioresorbent regeneration, and metal recycling.