- Waste incinerator selection
Commonly used waste incinerators include pyrolysis furnaces, grate furnaces, and fluidized beds. The principles of incineration are different, and each has its own advantages and disadvantages. For example, the pyrolysis furnace protects the organic matter from being fully decomposed under the condition of insulating the air. The structure is simple, the cost is low, the processing capacity is slightly insufficient, and the carbon content of the waste residue is relatively high.
- Leachate treatment
Since waste incineration itself must maintain high temperatures, toxic and hazardous substances can be decomposed. In addition, waste incineration plants also have leachate treatment links. Commonly used technologies include biochemical treatment, advanced oxidation treatment, membrane treatment and evaporation treatment. Leachate is generally complex in composition, so the treatment technology will be comprehensively applied according to the situation.
Commonly used in the treatment of waste incineration leachate, including “biochemical + advanced oxidation + advanced treatment”, “biochemical + membrane process” and so on.
In order to maximize the removal of organic pollutants, salt, ammonia, phosphorus and other substances in the leachate. After using a variety of technical processes to stratify the waste incineration leachate, it is better to discharge the wastewater to meet the water reuse standard.
- Purification of incineration flue gas
In the flue gas treatment process, the main target is dioxin, which is also a kind of organic matter, as well as toxic and harmful substances such as particulate matter, heavy metals, sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide and hydrogen fluoride.
The flue gas purification process is mainly divided into NOx removal process, particulate matter removal process, heavy metal and dioxin removal process.
The harmful substances in the flue gas are either reduced to elemental molecules by the reducing agent, or added to the catalyst for desorption treatment, or filtered and converted, which can effectively purify the flue gas generated by the incineration. Moreover, as with leachate treatment, flue gas cleaning often uses a combined process to achieve multiple purification goals.
- Incineration fly ash treatment
The amount of fly ash produced by waste incineration is huge, and it also contains some toxic and hazardous substances, which are dangerous solid waste. In terms of harmless treatment, the waste incineration plant generally needs to cure. The processes used include cement curing method, condensate stabilization method and melt solidification technology.
Of course, fly ash processing will also use some other processes, such as firing ceramsite technology, a method of preparing ceramsite based on fly ash. There is also a wet chemical treatment method, which is a process for extracting heavy metals by acid-base method and recycling them. Or it is a method of safe landfill, that is, on-site treatment, direct landfill, safe and reliable.